With the rapid development and widespread application of artificial intelligence (AI) technology, the ethical issues related to it have gained more and more attention from all walks of life. Governments, international organizations, academic institutions and business communities are actively participating in the discussion and formulation of relevant ethical standards to ensure that the development of artificial intelligence technology is "people-oriented" and technology is good.

The United Nations is an important force in promoting the establishment of global AI ethical norms. In 2019, UNESCO launched the writing of the Global AI Ethics Recommendation and completed the draft in September 2020, submitted to 193 Member States for consultation and is expected to be released by the end of 2021. UNESCO also released the Robot Ethics Report in 2017 with the World Committee on Scientific Knowledge and Technical Ethics. The OECD also attaches great importance to the formulation of AI guidelines and released the first set of intergovernmental artificial intelligence policy guidelines, "OECD Principles of Artificial Intelligence", in May 2019, signed by 42 countries, and was subsequently adopted by the G20.

Governments across the country are also actively promoting the formulation of AI ethical standards. At present, 28 countries around the world have issued national strategies and policies on artificial intelligence, and ethical issues are one of the important areas of policies of various countries. In 2019, the United States revised the National Artificial Intelligence Research and Development Strategic Plan, which proposed eight strategic priorities, including responding to ethical, legal and social impacts, and ensuring the security of artificial intelligence systems. The EU released the Trusted AI Ethics Guide in April 2019 and released the Artificial Intelligence White Paper in February 2020, taking ethical supervision as an important policy goal. In October 2020, the European Parliament passed three legislative initiatives on the regulation of artificial intelligence to better balance the relationship between technological innovation and social governance.

At the same time, industry organizations, academic institutions and business circles have also put forward relevant initiatives. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) established the Artificial Intelligence Committee in 2017, which is responsible for the development of standards covering areas such as algorithm bias and privacy protection. In 2017, the Association of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) proposed the five principles of "human rights, welfare, accountability, transparency, and prudent use", which has become one of the most influential AI ethical principles in the world. In academia, seven institutions including Oxford University, Cambridge University and Open AI jointly released the "Malicious Use of Artificial Intelligence: Prediction, Prevention and Mitigation" in 2018, analyzing the possible security threats brought by artificial intelligence and making response suggestions. . In the corporate world, technology companies such as Microsoft, Google, and IBM have formulated ethical principles for artificial intelligence development, and Facebook also established the Institute of AI Ethics in early 2019 with the Technical University of Munich.

The Chinese government attaches great importance to ethical issues in the development of the artificial intelligence industry. In July 2017, the State Council proposed in the "New Generation Artificial Intelligence Development Plan" that it is necessary to "formulate laws, regulations and ethical norms to promote the development of artificial intelligence; carry out research on artificial intelligence behavior science and ethics issues; formulate artificial intelligence product research and development designers ethics and code of conduct”. In February 2019, the National New Generation Artificial Intelligence Governance Professional Committee was established and in June released the "New Generation Artificial Intelligence Governance Principles - Develop Responsible Artificial Intelligence", aiming to "better coordinate the relationship between development and governance." , ensure the safe, reliable and controllable artificial intelligence, and promote sustainable economic, social and ecological development." In April of the same year, the National Artificial Intelligence Standardization General Group released the "Artificial Intelligence Ethical Risk Analysis Report", proposing the "principle of fundamental interests of mankind" and "principle of responsibility".

The academic and business circles in China are also actively paying attention to AI ethics issues. In May 2019, Beijing Zhiyuan Artificial Intelligence Research Institute, established by the Ministry of Science and Technology and the Beijing Municipal Government, established the Center for Artificial Intelligence Ethics and Security, and jointly with Peking University, Tsinghua University, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the new generation of artificial intelligence industry technology innovation strategic alliance ( The initiating members include Baidu, Alibaba, Tencent, Huawei, etc.) and other academic institutions and industrial organizations jointly issued the "Beijing Consensus for Artificial Intelligence", proposing that the "building of a community with a shared future for mankind should be followed by artificial intelligence research and development, use and governance. 15 principles of development. In August 2019, the Shenzhen Artificial Intelligence Industry Association and dozens of companies including Megvii Technology, iFlytek and other companies jointly issued the "Convention on Self-Discipline for the New Generation of Artificial Intelligence Industry". Major technology companies such as Baidu and Tencent have also proposed the company's own AI ethical standards; Megvii Technology has also established an artificial intelligence ethics committee on the basis of formulating the guidelines to promote a "sustainable, responsible and valuable artificial intelligence ecosystem. ”.

(The author is the chief economist of Haitong International)