With the widespread use of artificial intelligence products in human life, the legal liability issues caused by artificial intelligence technology have gradually become prominent. Yu Ting explained the responsibilities that two types of subjects, including engineers and manufacturers, need to bear for the "bad consequences" caused by artificial intelligence. She believes that artificial intelligence does not yet have the ability to be independent and designers with interest needs. Or the manufacturer largely affects or determines the behavior of the artificial intelligence body, so it is obliged to be responsible for the behavioral consequences of the artificial intelligence product.

02

Philosophical Responsibility

Due to the wider application and ethical influence of artificial intelligence technology, scholars have also explored new research directions and ideas. For example, Wang Shaoyuan and others started from the philosophical perspective of "physical ethics", advocating that under the conditions of continuous intelligence of robots, the ethical design can be improved, and artificially made them bear certain ethical responsibilities. At the same time, each design cannot be ignored. , the responsibility of human subjects who develop or use artificial intelligence technology.

03

Educational responsibility perspective

Nowadays, "education artificial intelligence" has become a new form of modern education development in China. The country has also introduced a series of policies and strategies for the development of artificial intelligence, and attaches particular importance to the promotion of artificial intelligence education. Wang Qian et al. explore the responsibilities that different users and artificial intelligence entities should bear in artificial intelligence applications, explain the problems and possible ethical risks of ethical responsibility, advocate that humans should actively assume their own ethical responsibilities and attach importance to the use of artificial intelligence. Ethical risks promote the harmonious development of human-computer relationships.

04

Medical responsibility perspective

Artificial intelligence provides a technical and theoretical basis for the development of the medical and health field, and plays a huge role in diagnosing the disease, evaluating the risk of disease, and drug research and development. However, it has also led to many ethical issues, which has attracted scholars in the fields of medicine, philosophy and other fields to pay attention to the issue of responsibility.

In addition to the strengthening of the ethical responsibility of intelligent medical technology, Zhang Rong and others also discussed the data security and subject disputes of artificial intelligence medical care, and advocated that the focus of responsibility should be placed on designers, users and the public, and discussed more comprehensively. The scope of responsible subjects requires the subject to improve his sense of ethical responsibility and use smart products in accordance with ethical norms.

Overall, there is still a lot of room for improvement in the research on the ethical responsibility of artificial intelligence, mainly limited to the research on the main responsibility of artificial intelligence in a certain application field.

Causes of the Ethical Problems of Artificial Intelligence

Analysis of the causes of the ethical problems of artificial intelligence is still a relatively new research direction in China, mainly including three aspects: internal technology factors, external environmental factors, and internal and external integration factors.

01

Technical internal factors

Internal factors of technology refer to examining the various ethical impacts and causes of artificial intelligence from the aspects of the algorithms, functional characteristics and uses of artificial intelligence technology itself. The ethical lack of artificial intelligence technology is bringing ethical dangers that cannot be ignored to individual, social development and even human survival.

02

External environmental factors

The external environmental factors of artificial intelligence ethics refer to the discussion of the causes of artificial intelligence ethics problems from external environments such as laws and regulations, social concepts, and subject literacy outside technology. The backwardness of external environmentalists agrees that ethical systems and moral norms has aggravated the ethical risks of artificial intelligence and brought ethical impact to all aspects of human life.

03

Internal and external integration factors

Some scholars combine technology itself with external factors to explore the causes of artificial intelligence ethical problems from a more comprehensive perspective. Guyu comprehensively analyzes the causes of various ethical problems brought about by artificial intelligence from three aspects: limitations of technological development, lack of ethical rules and imperfection of regulatory systems, and hopes to seek reasonable solutions based on these reasons to avoid them. The damage caused by ethical risks promotes the healthy development of artificial intelligence.

Prospects on research on artificial intelligence ethics

Through sorting out and summarizing the current research, it is concluded that the number of papers on artificial intelligence ethics has gradually increased and many new angles have emerged. However, it is not difficult to find that there are still a series of problems in domestic research, which can be further promoted in the following aspects.

01

Theory implementation

At present, many principles are relatively vague and abstract, and the application of theory is difficult. If a more perfect theory cannot be transformed into a concrete action, it can only be a castle in the air. Therefore, researchers need to be able to participate in artificial intelligence research throughout the process.

02

Systematic content

Since artificial intelligence itself is interdisciplinary, it is recommended to first organically integrate multiple disciplines such as education, medical care, biology and other disciplines with artificial intelligence ethics research, and continue to systematize the ethics of the original discipline while developing new disciplines. 2. Secondly, build a standardized academic sharing mechanism for multidisciplinary and multi-fields; Finally, we must learn from the latest research results and foreign research experience in various disciplines and fields, and discover and solve problems in a targeted manner based on the actual development of China's artificial intelligence. Attach importance to the shaping of the development system with Chinese characteristics of artificial intelligence ethics.

03

Innovation in direction

At the risk governance level, it is recommended to start from the artificial intelligence subject and adopt two-dimensional governance research, treat the identity of artificial intelligence with a more open attitude, and stepping out of the human-centered view may help artificial intelligence ethics research find new ideas. For the future construction of artificial intelligence ethics, artificial intelligence design should be carried out on the premise of respecting and understanding the cultural backgrounds of different races, and diversified artificial intelligence ethics should be built with a global and inclusive perspective, rather than blindly seeking universal governance solutions .

04

Object balance

In the process of artificial intelligence ethical design, first, it is necessary to supervise and ensure that artificial intelligence designers strictly abide by ethical norms, so that ethical codes truly penetrate into design behavior; second, through a series of technical means, the " The uncertainty and unexplainable risks of artificial intelligence ethical behavior brought by the algorithm black box. Finally, on the basis of effectively controlling artificial intelligence behavior and ensuring that it conforms to human ethics, we call on society to reduce the risk of artificial intelligence to a certain extent. "Hostility" looks at artificial intelligence with an attitude towards new subjects, and reasonably develops and utilizes the functions of artificial intelligence subjects.

in conclusion

The current research progress of China's artificial intelligence ethics was reviewed, and the current research status of China's artificial intelligence ethics was summarized from four aspects: development of AI ethics, risk governance, main responsibility and problem causes, and a prospect for the future trend. We hope to serve as a guide to promote the in-depth development of China's artificial intelligence ethics.

In order to effectively respond to the development needs of China's artificial intelligence ethics, we should accelerate the construction of an artificial intelligence ethics research framework with Chinese characteristics, vigorously promote the "implementation" research of artificial intelligence ethics theory, integrate the research results of experts and scholars in different fields, and encourage more disciplines. information exchange to promote the overall construction of the artificial intelligence ethical system.

Therefore, China's intelligent and digital development should adapt to the actual needs of the development of national science and technology ethics, have a forward-looking vision to see the development trends of artificial intelligence, incorporate national policies and social ethics issues into artificial intelligence research, base themselves on the present and look at the future, and guide Artificial intelligence avoids evil and goes to good.

Authors of this article: Lu Yi and Cui Zhongliang Author profile: Lu Yi, School of Marxism, Nanjing University of Information Engineering, master's degree, research direction is artificial intelligence philosophy; Cui Zhongliang (corresponding author), School of Marxism, Nanjing University of Information Engineering, associate professor, East China Normal University He is a postdoctoral fellow in the Department of Philosophy, and his research direction is the philosophy of artificial intelligence.