With the breakthrough development of the new generation of generative artificial intelligence technologies represented by big models such as Sora, the widespread application of disruptive technologies is driving profound changes in human society, and we are currently moving towards general artificial intelligence. While the popular application of artificial intelligence technology brings convenience to people’s work and life, it is also accompanied by unpredictable ethical risks and challenges. According to the artificial intelligence event monitoring data initiated by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), only 2023. In a single month, there are 495 cases of artificial intelligence ethical events, and ethical issues also restrict the healthy development of artificial intelligence. Frequent ethical risks have aroused people's concerns about whether artificial intelligence technology can continue to stick to its original aspiration to benefit mankind in the future, and even pose a threat to mankind. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "we must strengthen the analysis and prevention of potential risks of the development of artificial intelligence", "ensure that artificial intelligence is safe, reliable and controllable", and "establish and improve laws, regulations, systems, and ethics to ensure the healthy development of artificial intelligence." With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology and the continuous popularization of popularization of popular applications, ethical issues are being taken more and more seriously. It is urgent to establish and improve responsible and operational artificial intelligence ethical governance norms, guidelines and comprehensive regulatory mechanisms.

Under the principle of equal emphasis on development and security, the ethical governance of artificial intelligence, in accordance with the governance requirements of ethics first, law and regulations, agile governance, based on national conditions, and open cooperation, form a government-led, scientific and technological innovation subjects take the initiative, and scientific and technological social organizations participate. The coordinated governance system between the middle and the lower parties adheres to people-oriented, fair, transparent, safe and controllable, and forms a trustworthy, traceable and supervisable artificial intelligence ethical governance model in all aspects of management, R&D, supply and use.

Give full play to the leading role of an effective government

The government is the maker of social governance rules, occupies a core position in the diversified collaborative governance system, and always plays a leading role. In the governance of ethical risk of artificial intelligence, the government, as the most important driving force, also plays a basic role of "meta-governance". As an effective government, it should play a leading role in the governance of artificial intelligence ethical risk.

First, establish an agile governance mechanism for the ethical risk of artificial intelligence. In terms of system design, framework establishment, process management, etc., it emphasizes the dynamic adaptation and flexible governance of the system, and establishes an agile feedback system, especially to strengthen dynamic tracking, scientific analysis, risk warning and emergency response to ethical events. Improve the evaluation system of the ethical risk level of artificial intelligence, refine the hierarchical classification and evaluation standards, achieve accurate identification and accurate assessment, and implement classification and hierarchical governance of the ethical risk of artificial intelligence. Encourage diversified participation and collaborative governance, coordinate resources from all parties more quickly and efficiently, and ensure that artificial intelligence technology complies with ethical norms.

The second is to strengthen the governance of data elements. As the "fuel" of artificial intelligence, data is the key to cultivating and training models. Using different data to "feed" has a great impact on the ethics and value orientation of artificial intelligence. It must be based on data source, data quality, data processing, and data storage. In terms of data circulation, establish a data joint management and governance mechanism to strengthen industry coordinated supervision and industry self-discipline mechanism.

The third is to strengthen the governance of algorithm ethics. Algorithms are the core of artificial intelligence processing and analyzing data, making decisions and reasoning. They should adhere to people-oriented approach and integrate the core socialist values ​​into algorithmic decision-making; adhere to algorithm fairness, strictly test and verify algorithms, and perform algorithm interpretation to avoid bias and Discrimination; attach importance to the development of algorithm intelligence, develop weak artificial intelligence instead of human supervision and strong artificial intelligence, and use artificial intelligence algorithm innovation to deal with the ethical risks of artificial intelligence.

Fourth, actively play the role of an effective government. The government prevents ethical risks ahead of time by embedding artificial intelligence technology processes, makes up for technical defects, avoids the trap of "overcommitment" in technology, and reduces the ethical risks of "algorithm black box" through "model audit". Establish an efficient and coordinated governance community with other governance entities, and implement full-process supervision through administrative forces from focusing on "results" to "process-results". Strengthen the construction of digital rule of law, pay attention to the balanced development of "soft law" and "hard law", and clarify the bottom line of ethical boundaries. Organically combine the effective government with an effective market, guide the healthy development of the market, and continuously improve the data element market transaction credit system.

Give full play to the role of the responsible entity of scientific and technological innovation

The main body of scientific and technological innovation is the backbone of the collaborative governance system of multiple subjects and an important native driving force for the ethical governance of artificial intelligence. It bears the main responsibility for ethical risk governance. Daily management of artificial intelligence ethics should be strengthened, proactively analyze and timely resolve the field of artificial intelligence in the unit. Existing ethical risks.

First, promote the construction of digital trust. The main body of scientific and technological innovation should integrate artificial intelligence into the digital environment and develop artificial intelligence with trustworthy algorithms. Build a institutional framework for digital trust, strengthen external guarantees of information security, increase penalties for data violations, and protect network and information security. Technology companies can promote "machine forgetting", protect intellectual property and privacy rights on the basis of retaining the predictive capabilities of the original model, and make good trade-offs between big models and artificial intelligence ethics.

The second is to carry out normalized training on ethical risks of artificial intelligence. Embed artificial intelligence ethics training into the on-boarding training of scientific and technological personnel, guide scientific and technological personnel to consciously abide by ethical norms and bottom lines, and carry out responsible artificial intelligence research and innovation in accordance with the scope of ethical review and approval. Implement necessary incentives to scientific and technological personnel to inspire their ethical behavior to be good. Strengthen ethical knowledge education for scientific and technological personnel, and accelerate the cultivation of comprehensive professional talents who understand science and technology, ethics, and make clear governance in the field of artificial intelligence.

Third, actively play the role of moral entrepreneurs. Guide ethical entrepreneurs to construct indicators through observation, intervention and interaction, embed ethical norms into the artificial intelligence process, ensure that scientific and technological personnel comply with artificial intelligence ethics, guide enterprises to share their experience in artificial intelligence ethics risk governance with upstream and downstream enterprises in the industrial chain, and improve the ethics of technology enterprises Risk governance capabilities. Establish a bureaucracy system that can formulate rules in "non-hierarchical" enterprises to conduct moral reviews of artificial intelligence products throughout the process.

Fourth, set up an artificial intelligence expert workstation. Encourage scientific and technological innovation entities to introduce experts from different disciplines and fields to promote the development of scientific and technological innovation entities in terms of artificial intelligence ethical risk review, research and development, talent training, etc., and improve forward-looking identification, evaluation, prevention and supervision of artificial intelligence risks.

Give full play to the role of bridge and link for scientific and technological social organizations

In the collaborative governance system of multiple subjects of artificial intelligence ethics, science and technology social organizations are the bridge and links connecting the government and science and technology innovation entities (universities, enterprises, scientific research institutions, etc.), and play a unique role in building platforms, establishing standards and forming teams.

First, strengthen research on the ethical governance of artificial intelligence. Establish a special artificial intelligence ethics society to mobilize think tanks, societies, associations, social groups and other scientific and technological social organizations and scientific and technological personnel to carry out in-depth research on artificial intelligence ethics governance theory, strengthen forward-looking research on artificial intelligence ethics, and actively participate in international artificial intelligence Discussion on major ethical issues and rule-making.

The second is to build an exchange platform for artificial intelligence ethics governance. Strengthen the exchange of cutting-edge information of artificial intelligence by organizing academic conferences, talent forums, discussions, policy preaching, etc., analyze the ethical risks in the process of artificial intelligence research and development and application, plan countermeasures for artificial intelligence ethical governance, and provide academic support for innovative artificial intelligence ethical governance . Promote industry platforms to promote cooperation in the governance of artificial intelligence ethical risk and form a practical guide for industry ethical risk governance.

The third is to establish an artificial intelligence ethical governance norms and review and supervision system. Clarify the ethical requirements of artificial intelligence, formulate and improve the standards, standards and guidelines for the ethical governance of artificial intelligence, and guide scientific and technological personnel to carry out artificial intelligence activities reasonably. Establish an artificial intelligence ethics review committee, improve the mechanism for artificial intelligence ethics review, risk disposal, and violation handling, improve the ethical supervision review mechanism for artificial intelligence research and development and application activities, and hold teams and individuals who violate ethical requirements accountable.

Fourth, strengthen the education and publicity of artificial intelligence ethics. Popularize artificial intelligence ethical knowledge through various channels and forms, promote the dissemination of artificial intelligence ethical governance knowledge, guide scientific and technological personnel and the public to actively learn artificial intelligence ethical knowledge, enhance artificial intelligence ethical awareness, consciously practice artificial intelligence ethical principles, and adhere to artificial intelligence Ethical bottom line. Guide the media to improve their ethical literacy of artificial intelligence, scientifically identify the ethical risks of artificial intelligence, and actively play the role of public opinion supervision. Through compulsory courses, elective courses, general courses, etc., artificial intelligence ethics education courses are offered for college students.

Give full play to China's demonstration and promoting role in global governance

Artificial intelligence technology is global, and the governance of artificial intelligence ethical risk is a common concern and facing country around the world. my country should actively participate in global artificial intelligence governance and promote the construction of a global community for the ethical governance of artificial intelligence.

First, contribute Chinese solutions to global artificial intelligence ethical governance. In order to safeguard human well-being and adhere to fairness and justice, we have provided constructive suggestions on the issue of artificial intelligence ethical risk governance that is of widespread concern to the world, and provide reference blueprints for international discussions and rule formulation related to artificial intelligence ethical risk governance, and to solve the problem of solving the problem of artificial intelligence ethical risk governance. Global artificial intelligence ethical governance problems contribute Chinese wisdom and solutions.

The second is to promote fairness and justice in international governance of artificial intelligence. As a permanent member of the Security Council, we strive to promote equal rights, equal opportunities and equal rules in the ethical governance of artificial intelligence, and especially to strive for representation and voice for developing countries. Strengthen international dialogue and strengthen ethical governance exchanges and experience sharing through multilateral and bilateral cooperation.

Third, actively participate in the formulation of international laws and standards for artificial intelligence. On the premise of respecting the differences in policies and national conditions of various countries, participate in the development of international laws and standards for the governance of artificial intelligence ethical risk, promote the formation of a global AI ethical risk governance framework and standard specifications with broad consensus, and formulate a "global digital contract".

Fourth, actively participate in international artificial intelligence ethical governance exchanges and cooperation. Strengthen discussions with overseas organizations on topics of artificial intelligence ethical risk governance, grasp the latest trends in world artificial intelligence ethical governance, and promote the formation of a good cooperative ecosystem for global artificial intelligence ethical risk governance. In foreign exchanges, we firmly oppose using ideological lines to maliciously obstruct the normal development of my country's artificial intelligence industry, oppose using technology to monopolize the creation of barriers to the development of artificial intelligence, and maliciously block the stable and smooth flow of my country's artificial intelligence supply chain.

Only by combining scientific and technological innovation with ethical risk governance can we build an open, inclusive, safe and sustainable artificial intelligence ethical governance system and promote artificial intelligence to benefit society.

(Song Xinqiang and Ma Chuangjie, author's unit: School of Business Administration, School of Public Administration, Guangdong University of Finance and Economics)

[This article is a phased result of the 2024 general project (project number:) of Guangdong Province Philosophy and Social Sciences Planning and the characteristic innovation project of Guangdong Province general colleges and universities (project number:)]