The development of artificial intelligence science and technology is changing with each passing day. It directly affects society and will receive social feedback in the most direct way. Its sustainable positive role in promoting the development of science and technology, economy and society is undoubtedly unquestionable. However, if the potential social impact and sustainability are not fully considered during its development, it may cause unanticipated negative impacts. . Therefore, considerations on artificial intelligence ethics should run throughout the entire life cycle of artificial intelligence products and services.

We must adhere to the concept of people-oriented and sustainable development

Artificial intelligence that conforms to human ethics and values ​​should adhere to the concept of people-oriented and sustainable development, respect privacy, promote fairness and justice, and do not introduce prejudice such as race and culture. The development of artificial intelligence technology should be transparent and explainable, safe and controllable, It is verifiable and accountable. In order to promote technology inclusiveness in all walks of life, countries and regions, malicious competition should be avoided and open cooperation and inclusive sharing should be promoted.

Advocating harmonious development should be the main theme of the ethics and governance of the new generation of artificial intelligence. On the one hand, in order to achieve the goal of enhancing the common welfare of mankind through artificial intelligence, the approach adopted is not unique, and we should always adhere to the development concept of harmony and goodness in practice. On the other hand, we should promote the harmonious coexistence between humans and technology, and avoid the harm of misuse, abuse and malicious use of technology to the rights and interests of human beings. The overall vision should be to develop artificial intelligence that is beneficial to humans and the ecology.

No matter which technological approach is adopted to achieve the new generation of artificial intelligence, it cannot eliminate the potential technological and social risks that may be brought about in the development process and the potential impact on modern scientific and technological ethics. The diversity of the ways and methods of technological development makes the risks it bring uncertain. Therefore, in the process of exploring a new generation of artificial intelligence, especially different types of advanced intelligence, we should establish technical and social risks. Continue strategic forward-looking research to avoid and reduce the negative impact of potential risks.

In terms of research on the potential risks and response strategies of future artificial intelligence, the understanding of hidden dangers, crisis management solutions and experience should be shared to the greatest extent. Only by establishing a global sharing and working mechanism and taking action can we ensure security and avoid the catastrophic risks that disruptive technologies may pose.

Multi-party collaboration to achieve dual-wheel drive of development and governance

As the leading unit of my country's new generation artificial intelligence strategy, in March 2019, the Ministry of Science and Technology established the National New Generation Artificial Intelligence Governance Professional Committee. In June of the same year, the committee issued the "Principles of the Governance of New Generation Artificial Intelligence-Developing Responsible Artificial Intelligence", which is a principled explanation of the relationship between development and governance by my country's new generation of artificial intelligence strategy, and it is also China's new generation of artificial intelligence governance. important foundation.

In order to ensure that China's new generation of artificial intelligence develops in a direction that is beneficial to society, the new generation of artificial intelligence should adopt a dual-wheel drive strategy of development and governance. The purpose of governance is not to hinder development, but to maintain the stability of development.

Agile governance should become one of the important characteristics of China's artificial intelligence governance. Here agile governance can be interpreted as having two meanings: on the one hand, artificial intelligence governance adapts to the progress of artificial intelligence technology, so that governance work can be more adapted to the characteristics of development; on the other hand, related governance work is moving rapidly.

In line with the development of the new generation of artificial intelligence, as an important aspect of China's artificial intelligence development, artificial intelligence governance should also be carried out in China through in-depth collaboration between multiple departments. Innovation units such as government departments, scientific research institutions, and enterprises should each assume corresponding responsibilities and work in depth in the work of artificial intelligence governance to truly realize the agile governance of the new generation of artificial intelligence from different perspectives such as technology and society.

Establish an artificial intelligence governance public service system to prevent problems before it happens

In the future, on the one hand, relevant government departments, scientific research institutions and industries need to pay enough attention to the possible risks, safety and ethical risks of artificial intelligence, and make strategic attention and investment in the ethics and governance of artificial intelligence to strengthen self-discipline and autonomy. On the other hand, for relevant national and local institutions, we should promote the establishment of high-end think tanks, executive agencies, and collaborative networks related to artificial intelligence governance, and encourage the public to participate in discussions to promptly understand the public's thoughts on technology participation in changing society.

It should be pointed out that the focus of the new generation of artificial intelligence governance should be to prevent problems before they happen, rather than just post-warning, ordering rectification and punishment. The dual-wheel drive of development and governance requires promoting artificial intelligence ethics and governance work into a public system that combines service and supervision. Relevant government departments, scientific research institutions, enterprises and other innovation units, and even the public should be encouraged to jointly build a new generation of artificial intelligence ethics and governance public system. Under the guidance of the government and relevant institutions, we should encourage the construction of a new generation of artificial intelligence ethics and governance public service platform and provide services to the government, scientific research institutions, enterprises and the public, so as to responsibly promote and ensure the steady development of the new generation of artificial intelligence. .

(The author is a researcher at the Institute of Automation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and director of the Center for Artificial Intelligence Ethics and Security of Beijing Zhiyuan Artificial Intelligence Research Institute)