As a representative disruptive technology, artificial intelligence is releasing the huge energy accumulated by the scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, and is profoundly changing the way of production, life and thinking of human beings. To ensure the healthy development of artificial intelligence, reasonable and effective measures are required to prevent the ethical and moral risks that artificial intelligence technology may bring, so that this technology can better serve economic and social development.

There are ethical and moral risks in the development of artificial intelligence. In the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, artificial intelligence is a strategic technology with a strong "leader effect". While effectively promoting economic and social development, it also brings a series of risks and challenges. Among them, ethical and moral hazard is an important aspect. In fact, with the development of artificial intelligence technology, discussions about its possible ethical and moral hazards have never stopped. Some people are worried that in the information age, artificial intelligence creations are no longer just technical tools, but are increasingly capable of similar human thinking, and even in some aspects that transcend human thinking. The development of artificial intelligence to a certain extent may threaten the position of human thinking subject. There are also opinions that artificial intelligence applications have ethical risks of privacy leakage. Artificial intelligence applications need to be supported by massive information data. It is precisely because of the use of big data, the improvement of computing power and the breakthrough of algorithms that artificial intelligence can develop rapidly and widely used, and present deep learning, cross-border integration, and human-computer Features such as collaboration, group intelligence and openness, and independent manipulation. The more "smart" artificial intelligence is, the more it needs to obtain, store and analyze more information data. In this process, information involving personal privacy, such as personal identity information data, network behavior trajectory data, preference information and prediction information formed for data processing and analysis, are often stored, copied and disseminated in the form of data. Obtaining and processing massive information data will inevitably involve the ethical issue of personal privacy protection. If ethical norms are lacking, it may induce ethical and moral risks of privacy leakage. In addition, with the increase in the autonomy of artificial intelligence, the judgment of causality, fault and other requirements in artificial intelligence tort liability is becoming increasingly complex, and the issue of the ownership of rights and liability for artificial intelligence applications has also been widely paid attention to and discussed.

Enhance awareness of prevention and control of ethical and moral risks in artificial intelligence. The main reason why artificial intelligence poses ethical and moral risks is that on the one hand, this technology is not perfect enough; on the other hand, the ethical and moral guarantee mechanism for the healthy development of artificial intelligence is still not sound enough, which is similar to the rapidly developing artificial intelligence technology. Compared with the development of related ethical and moral rules and regulations is relatively lagging behind. To solve these problems, a basic task is to enhance the awareness of preventing and controlling ethical and moral risks in artificial intelligence. At present, in some places and fields, the public does not attach great importance to the ethical and moral risks that artificial intelligence may be induced. Enhanced awareness of the prevention and control of ethical and moral hazards of artificial intelligence is a systematic project that involves all aspects of scientific and technological research and development and application. In the scientific and technological research and development process, the focus is on improving the long-term communication mechanism between artificial intelligence practitioners and ethical research, education, and supervision agencies, continuously improving the ethical and moral level of science and technology practitioners, guiding R&D personnel to enhance their risk prevention and control awareness, and strictly abide by science and technology. Ethical bottom line, strengthen ethical responsibility. In the initial stage of R&D, it is necessary to enhance the awareness of moral risk prevention and control, predict and evaluate the moral hazards that artificial intelligence products may cause, and regulate them from the source of the design. This ethical awareness is then integrated into the entire R&D process to prevent artificial intelligence from being illegally used and thus endangering the society, and to ensure that scientific and technological R&D activities always operate smoothly on the track of ethics. In the application process, it is also necessary to tighten the string of ethical and moral risk prevention and control, strengthen ethical education involving artificial intelligence in the whole society, popularize legal and regulatory knowledge related to artificial intelligence, and guide the public to view and apply it with correct values. While enjoying the convenience it brings, artificial intelligence technology is always highly vigilant about the ethical and moral risks involved, and promotes the whole society to participate in scientific and technological ethical governance.

Rely on systems to ensure that artificial intelligence is safe, controllable, and reliable. To minimize the ethical and moral risks that artificial intelligence may be induced to ensure the healthy development of artificial intelligence, we must continuously improve the ethical and moral principles that guide and regulate the development of artificial intelligence based on the actual development of artificial intelligence and address the ethical and moral risks it may bring. On this basis, we will establish and improve relevant systems to promptly discover and effectively solve various ethical and moral issues in the development of artificial intelligence technology, and ensure that artificial intelligence is safe, controllable, and reliable. In June 2019, the National New Generation Artificial Intelligence Governance Professional Committee issued the "Next Generation Artificial Intelligence Governance Principles - Develop Responsible Artificial Intelligence", which will promote the healthy development of the new generation of artificial intelligence and strengthen research on legal, ethical and social issues of artificial intelligence. Make clear requirements. Relying on institutional construction to prevent and resolve the ethical and moral risks that artificial intelligence may bring, relevant practitioners need to vigorously promote the core socialist values, strictly abide by regulations on standards, processes, etc. in the process of technology development and application, and fully respect and protect them. Personal privacy protects individuals' right to know and right to choose. Continuously strengthen the ethical supervision of artificial intelligence, further strengthen the protection of privacy rights in relevant laws and regulations, and fully protect citizens' right to know and choose in artificial intelligence applications. Strictly regulate the collection, storage, processing, and use of personal information in artificial intelligence applications, strictly prohibit theft, tampering, leakage and other illegal collection and utilization of personal information, and ensure that artificial intelligence is beneficial to all mankind, society and the natural ecology. to better serve economic and social development and the people's better life.

(The author is a professor at the School of Marxism, Guizhou University)